Middle East Conflict Disrupts Fertiliser Supply, Threatens Food Security

Mar 12, 2026

67 min

Mar 12, 2026 15:31

War disrupts fertiliser supplies, puts food security at risk

## Fertiliser Supply Disruption

The ongoing conflict in the Middle East has severely impacted the global supply of fertilisers, crucial for food production. The region, a major producer of fertilisers, has seen its output halted due to rising tensions and blockades, particularly affecting the Strait of Hormuz.

## Global Impact

A significant portion of the world's fertilisers, including urea, sulphur, and ammonia, originates from Gulf countries. The disruption has led to soaring prices, with developing nations facing the greatest challenges. Major agricultural producers like the United States, Australia, and Brazil heavily rely on these imports.

## Regional Dependencies

Asia is particularly dependent on Gulf fertilisers, importing large quantities of ammonia, sulphur, and phosphates. The conflict has forced countries like Bangladesh to shut down production facilities temporarily.

## European Concerns

While Europe sources less directly from the Gulf, it faces indirect impacts. Morocco, a key supplier of phosphorus-based fertilisers to Europe, depends on Gulf sulphur. Additionally, Egypt's urea exports to Europe are affected by halted gas supplies from Israel.

## Future Uncertainties

The duration of the conflict and the extent of damage to fertiliser production facilities remain uncertain. This situation could prompt Europe to develop a more robust fertiliser supply strategy, as seen after the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The European Commission is already preparing a fertiliser action plan to address these challenges.

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