New Wild Cat Species Discovered in Bolivia

Sep 18, 2026

82 min

Sep 18, 2026 04:30

## Discovery of Leopardus tilcayo

Scientists have identified a new species of wild cat in Bolivia, named Leopardus tilcayo. This marks the first discovery of a new living feline species since 1923. The species was named after the term used by local communities and was detailed in a study published in Current Biology.

## Characteristics of Leopardus tilcayo

Leopardus tilcayo is a small wild cat, smaller than most domestic cats. It measures about 46 centimeters in body length, with a tail adding another 25 centimeters, and weighs between 1.5 and 2 kilograms. Its light brown coat is adorned with dark rosettes, resembling a miniature leopard. This species is native to the Yungas cloud forest in Bolivia, a region where the Andes meet the Amazon basin.

## Identification Process

The discovery began with a single animal brought to a wildlife refuge in Bolivia around 2017. Researchers noticed it did not match existing tiger cat species. Genetic analysis confirmed it as a distinct species, revealing that the tiger cat group comprises at least five separate species, each with its own evolutionary history.

## Significance of the Discovery

The identification of Leopardus tilcayo is significant as it is the first new cat species described in over a century. The last was the Uruguayan pampas cat in 1923. This discovery highlights the complexity of the tiger cat family and the potential for more unknown species.

## Future Research

Currently, little is known about the biology or behavior of Leopardus tilcayo. Initial findings suggest a diet of small rodents and nocturnal activity. With only two known individuals, much remains to be learned about its population and conservation status.

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